The fornix of the upper eyelid 2 lies immediately adjacent to the accessory lacrimal gland of krause3. The lacrimal gland produces tears which then flow into canals that connect to the lacrimal sac. Read an overview of general eye anatomy to learn how the parts of the eye work together. The lacrimal apparatus is the physiological system containing the orbital structures for tear production and drainage. A, a 41yearold male presented with a slight fullness of the right upper eyelid arrow and displacement of the right eye developing over 6 months. For ophthalmologists, optometrists, medical, dental, and optometry students, eye anatomy forms the basis for eyepathology in diseases. Gross characteristics of normal human lacrimal glands. The ocular surface and its adnexa comprise the cornea, the conjunctiva with bulbar, for nical and palpebral parts, the main lacrimal gland, and the glands of the. The orbital part superior lacrimal gland is connected to the periosteum of the orbit by a few fibrous bands, and rests upon the tendons of the recti superioris and. Aug 08, 2019 the lacrimal gland is located within the orbit above the lateral end of the eye. Gross anatomy and morphometric evaluation of the canine. Ct of the inferomedial orbit and the lacrimal drainage apparatus.
Opening music sequencestar wars opening theme by john williams. The lacrimal gland begins development at the 22 to 25mm embryo. The lacrimal puncta were absent in the anatomy of the dromedary lacrimal apparatus. The lacrimal gland was originally discovered by galen, but in 1574 it was better described by caracanus of milan, italy. The human tear film is a 3layered coating of the surface of the eye and a loss, or reduction, in any layer of this film may result in a syndrome of blurry vision and burning pain of the eyes known as dry eye. The lobules of the orbital portion of the lacrimal gland 1 are near the orbital septum but lie under the levator muscle 4.
Macroscopically, the lacrimal gland was located on the dorsolateral aspect of the eyeball and. Medially, the trochlea is 4 millimeters from the orbital margin, forming the pulley of the superior oblique muscle tendon. Excess tears drain into small ducts which empty into the nasal cavity. Despite the central importance of these structures for maintaining ocular surface health, the gross anatomy of the glands remains understudied. Everything about the anatomy of the lacrimal gland and lacrimal apparatus can be found in these learning materials. The absence lacrimal puncta in some mammals does not entirely deprive the nasal mucosa of the moistening effect of the lacrimal fluid. If you continue browsing the site, you agree to the use of cookies on this website. The lacrimal glands release their secretions directly onto the eyeball and are thus classified as serous type of exocrine glands with acini secretory elements. Approximately 50% of lacrimal gland masses are inflammatory lesions, 25% are lymphoid lesions or lymphoma, and the other 25% are salivary gland type tumors. The immediate guess is that 15 is the superior oblique muscle.
Lacrimal gland secretion is primarily under neural control, which is achieved through a neural reflex arc. The lacrimal gland and accessory glands provide multiple components to the tear film, most notably the aqueous. Maxillary sinus lacrimal gland ethmoid sinus nasolacrimal duct palpebral lobe. The structural characterization of the lacrimal gland in the adult dog. Inflammation of the lacrimal glands is called dacryoadenitis. A radiation oncologists guide to contouring the lacrimal gland. Sometimes people with a lacrimal gland tumor do not show any of these symptoms.
Anatomists divide the gland into two sections, a palpebral lobe, or portion, and an orbital lobe or portion. Allergies affect hundreds of millions of people worldwide and oculareye allergy affects approximately one in five people worldwide. Pdf the orbit, including the lacrimal gland and lacrimal. It secretes proteins, electrolytes and water, which helps to nourish and protect the ocular surface. Lacrimal gland function questions and study guide quizlet. Pleomorphic adenoma of the lacrimal gland radiology case. The following components of the lacrimal drainage system anatomy will be discussed in. The lacrimal gland is located beneath the upper outer orbital rim fig.
Learn vocabulary, terms, and more with flashcards, games, and other study tools. Anatomy, physiology and pathology of the lacrimal apparatus. The lacrimal gland lies within the orbit on the outer portion of the upper eye. Normal and pathologic anatomy the normal and pathologic ct anatomy of the lacrimal drainage apparatus was examined during study of the orbits, nasal cavity, and paranasal sinuses in 100 patients with a variety of clinical complaints related to the inferomedial orbit. Think of that menu as a roadmap to this full guide. From that sac, the tears drain through the lacrimal duct into the nose. Jack j kanskis clinical ophthalmology clinical anatomy of the eye by richard. Radiologic anatomy the lacrimal gland is situated in the superior lateral corner of the orbit, immediately behind the orbital rim within the lacrimal fossa of the frontal bone. Anatomy of lacrimal system human head and neck scribd. With a yearly incidence of one in one million, they represent only 10% of orbital spaceoccupying lesions. These lacrimal secretions are commonly known as tears. The lacrimal gland secretes a salty, watery fluid which flows diagonally over the eye, keeping it moist, and with the secre tion from the meibornian glands.
Role of lacrimal gland in tear production in different animal. It is here where the lacrimal gland is located in the upper lateral region. The orbital part of the lacrimal gland is located in a shallow fossa on the medial aspect of the zygomatic process of the frontal bone within the orbital. Apr 23, 2020 so, the function of the lacrimal gland is the production of tears, and it is regulated by the lacrimal nerve, a branch of the ophthalmic nerve cn v1. Anatomy and histopathology of the human lacrimal gland.
The comparative anatomic and physiological study of primary lacrimal glands raises a number of important questions the answers to which can provide insight into lacrimal gland function and. Dysfunction of these glands results in the loss of aqueous and other. Lacrimal gland involvement has also been reported in patients with sickle cell disease, which presents as lacrimal gland edema, with glands appearing enlarged and homogeneously enhancing or hyperenhancing on ct and mri. Sep 28, 2017 a quick video on lacrimal gland anatomy created for a university masters course. The anatomy and innervation of lacrimal glands springerlink.
Key words fetal development, gross anatomy, lacrimal gland, orbit, organ. It produces tears that flow across the eye and then drain through the puncta, canaliculi, lacrimal sac, and lacrimal duct into the nasal cavity. Feb 23, 2014 everything you want to know about eye allergies. Macroscopically, the lacrimal gland was located on the dorsolateral aspect of the eyeball and bounded. Miscellaneous neoplastic causes of lacrimal gland masses include rhabdomyosarcoma and solitary fibrous tumor. A radiation oncologists guide to contouring the lacrimal. Samples of lacrimal gland including palpebral lobes and orbital lobes were taken in autopsies, and the relationship between histopathologic changes and age and sex, as well as histopathologic differences between palpebral and orbital lobes of the lacrimal gland, were studied using light. Anatomy of the lacrimal drainage system abdominal key. The lacrimal gland is the main contributor to the aqueous layer of the tear film. The palpebral lobe measures about onethird the volume of the orbital lobe. Anatomy of head and neck nerve supply and lymphatic. Lacrimal gland is an important part of the lacrimal apparatus the lacrimal system that plays an essential role in maintaining the normal anatomy of the eye. V1 travels to the lacrimal gland, but it is the parasympathetic. Abstract this chapter describes the diseases of the orbit, lacrimal gland, and.
The medial wall of the orbit consists of four bones. Samples of lacrimal gland including palpebral lobes and orbital lobes were taken in autopsies, and the. The lacrimal gland lies in the superolateral aspect of the orbit. The lacrimal gland is 1 component of the lacrimal apparatus that handles tear formation and transport ending with tear delivery at the. Lacrimal gland definition of lacrimal gland by medical.
The anatomy of the human orbit and accessory organs of vision. We made them in a fun and approaching way, so we promise you wont cry. It is divided by the lateral horn of the aponeurosis of the levator palpebrae superioris into a large orbital and small palpebral portion, which are continuous via a small isthmus around the lateral border of the aponeurosis. Choose from 147 different sets of lacrimal gland flashcards on quizlet. The lacrimal gland lg and the third eyelid gland telg are two intraorbital glands that, in dogs, secrete the aqueous component of the tear film. The lacrimal apparatus consists of main lacrimal gland accessory lacrimal glands lacrimal passages puncta, canaliculi, lacrimal sac and nasolacrimal duct. You will find some basic information about this disease and the parts of the body it may affect. It is part of the lacrimal apparatus and is responsible for tear production. The lacrimal gland, which secretes the tears, and its excretory ducts, which convey the fluid to the surface of the human eye. The glands of krause are accessory lacrimal glands having the same structure as the main gland. The structure starts lateral in the posterior orbit and moves medially. Mar 02, 2014 anatomy and physiology of lacrimal apparatus slideshare uses cookies to improve functionality and performance, and to provide you with relevant advertising.
Pleomorphic adenoma of the lacrimal gland case discussion mri through the orbits demonstrates an extraconal mass in the upper outer quadrant which is of intermediate t1 and t2 signal, and enhances brightly following administration of contrast. Subsequently, it was discovered by stensen in 1662 that the lacrimal gland formed tears. It continually releases fluid which cleanses and protects the eyes surface as it lubricates and moistens it. The lacrimal gland consists of orbital and palpebral parts that are continuous posterolaterally around the concave lateral edge of the aponeurosis of the levator palpebrae superioris muscle. You will find out more about body changes and other things that can signal a problem that may need medical care. Anatomy of lacrimal system free download as powerpoint presentation. The gland continually secretes tears which moisten, lubricate, and protect the surface of the eye. Perhaps additional clinical relevance of lacrimal gland gross anatomy will result. The age of presentation of lacrimal gland tumors depends on the specific subtype of tumor, but overall these tumors can occur at any age. Oct 19, 2005 this ct image shows a level at the top of the orbit so that the lacrimal gland is evident 17. To see other pages, use the menu on the side of your screen.
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